Data Types In Swift

Data Types in Swift

Swift is a statically typed language, meaning every variable and constant must have a specific type assigned to it. Here are some commonly used data types in Swift:

 1. Integers (Int):

 Represents whole numbers, both positive and negative.

 Sizes: Int8, Int16, Int32, Int64 (platform-dependent).

 Example: let age: Int = 30

 2. Floating Point Numbers (Float and Double):

 Represents numbers with fractional components.

 Float: 32bit floating-point number.

 Double: 64bit floating-point number, with higher precision than Float.

 Example: 

  swift code

  let pi: Float = 3.14

  let gravity: Double = 9.81

  

 3. Strings (String):

 Represents a sequence of characters.

 Enclosed in double quotes (").

 Example: let name: String = "John"

 4. Booleans (Bool):

 Represents logical values: true or false.

 Used for conditional statements and logical operations.

 Example: let isActive: Bool = true

 5. Optional (Optional<T>):

 Represents a value that may or may not exist.

 Used to handle absence of a value safely.

 Example: var middleName: String? = nil

 6. Tuples:

 Groups multiple values into a single compound value.

 Elements can have different types.

 Example: 

  swift code

  let person: (String, Int) = ("Alice", 25)

  print(person.0) // Output: "Alice"

  print(person.1) // Output: 25

  

 7. Arrays (Array<T>):

 Ordered collection of values of the same type.

 Accessed using index.

 Example: 

  swift code

  var numbers: [Int] = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

  print(numbers[0]) // Output: 1

  

 8. Dictionaries (Dictionary<Key, Value>):

 Collection of key-value pairs.

 Keys must be unique within the dictionary.

 Example: 

  swift code

  var scores: [String: Int] = ["John": 95, "Alice": 87]

  print(scores["John"]) // Output: 95

  

 9. Sets (Set<T>):

 Unordered collection of unique values of the same type.

 Example: 

  swift code

  var uniqueNumbers: Set<Int> = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

  uniqueNumbers.insert(3) // Duplicate values are ignored

  

 10. Enums (enum):

 Defines a group of related values.

 Example:

  swift code

  enum Direction {

      case north, south, east, west

  }

  let currentDirection: Direction = .north

  

 11. Characters (Character):

 Represents a single Unicode character.

 Enclosed in single quotes (').

 Example: let firstLetter: Character = "A"

Swift's rich set of data types provides flexibility and safety in handling different kinds of data, ensuring efficient and robust code development.